雷达工程专业本科毕业设计指导模式探索

为提高本科毕业设计指导工作效率和毕业论文质量，本文基于雷达工程专业特点建立了“导师主导--研究生辅助--本科生合作”的多层次、模块化、场景化指导模式。该模式以导师为核心、科研小组和学员合作为辅助，全方位全过程保障本科毕设工作。实践表明，该模式可以有效提高指导工作效率和本科毕业设计质量，学生专业素养和实践能力显著提升。本文对电子类专业本科毕设指导具有重要借鉴意义。     

“半翻转”教学模式下评价指标体系研究与实践

研究基于“半翻转”教学模式的线上教学评价指标体系,包括课前活动开展、课中教学活动设计、课后任务以及基于此过程中的评价指标体系设计。最后通过层次分析法设计评价指标权重,设计评价算法得到动态评价结果。该评价指标体系应用在本专业“数据结构与算法”课程中,并得到良好的应用效果。     

Stable power supply of an independent power source for a remote island using a Hybrid Energy Storage System composed of electric and hydrogen energy storage systems

We propose a self-sustaining power supply system consisting of a “Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS)” and renewable energy sources to ensure a stable supply of high-quality power in remote islands. The configuration of the self-sustaining power supply system that can utilize renewable energy sources effectively on remote islands where the installation area is limited is investigated. It is found that it is important to select renewable energy sources whose output power curve is close to the load curve to improve the efficiency of the system. The operation methods that can increase the cost-effectiveness of the self-sustaining power supply system are also investigated. It is clarified that it is important for increasing the cost effectiveness of the self-sustaining power supply system to operate the HESS with a smaller capacity of its components by setting upper limits on the output power of the renewable energy sources and cutting the infrequent generated power.     

IRS辅助的SWIPT系统中基于能效优先的波束成形设计与优化

以智能反射面(intelligent reflecting surface,IRS)辅助的无线携能通信(simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,SWIPT)系统为背景,研究了该系统中基于能效优先的多天线发送端有源波束成形与IRS无源波束成形联合设计与优化方法。以最大化接收端的最小能效为优化目标,构造在发送端功率、接收端能量阈值、IRS相移等多约束下的非线性优化问题,用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)求解。采用Dinkelbach算法转化目标函数,通过奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)和半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)得到发送端有源波束成形向量。采用SDR得到IRS相移矩阵与反射波束成形向量。结果表明,该系统显著降低了系统能量收集(energy harvesting,EH)接收端的能量阈值。当系统总电路功耗为?15 dBm时,所提方案的用户能效为300 KB/J。当IRS反射阵源数与发送天线数均为最大值时,系统可达最大能效。     

Systematic analysis and multi-objective optimization of an integrated power and freshwater production cycle

This study represents the results of the analysis and optimization of an integrated system for cogenerating electricity and freshwater. This setup consists of a Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) for producing electricity. Unburned fuel of the SOFC is burned in the afterburner to increase the temperature of the SOFC's outlet gasses and operate a Gas turbine (GT) to produce additional power and operate the air compressor. At the bottom of this cycle, a combined setup of a Multi-Effect Desalination (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) is considered to produce freshwater from the unused heat capacity of the GT's exhaust gasses. Also, a Stirling engine is used in the fuel supply line to increase the fuel's temperature. Using LNG and the Stirling engine will replace the fuel compressor with a pump which increases the system performance and eliminates the need for the expansion valve. To study the system performance a mathematical model is developed in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program. Then, the system's simulated data from the EES has been sent to MATLAB to promote the best operating condition based on the optimization criteria. An energetic, exergetic, economic, and environmental analysis has been performed and a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to achieve the goal. The two-objective optimization is performed to maximize the exergetic efficiency of the proposed system while minimizing the system's total cost of production. This cost is a weighted distribution of the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) and Levelized Cost of freshwater (LCOW). The results showed that the exergetic and energetic efficiencies of the system can reach 73.5% and 69.06% at the optimum point. The total electricity production of the system is 99 MW. The production cost is 11.71 Cents/kWh, of which 1.04 Cents/kWh is emission-related and environmental taxes. The freshwater production rate is 42.44 kg/s which costs 4.38 USD/m³.     

A numerical study of dynamic behaviors of a unitized regenerative fuel cell during gas purging

The gas purging states affect electricity output and energy storage capacity of unitized regenerative fuel cells. In this study, a model of unitized regenerative fuel cell is established. Cell voltages and operating temperatures influences on the dynamic distribution of thermal fluid during purging process and the discharge of residual liquid water in electrolytic cell mode are investigated. The motivation of the present study is better understanding the gas purging characteristics and its effect on reaction behaviors of unitized regenerative fuel cells. Simulation results reveal a significant influence of purging gas temperature on the water flooding and a great effect of operating voltage on the water diffusion. The operating temperature of electrolytic cell model almost has little effect on purging results at different cell temperature and the same purging gas temperature. When the purging gas temperature is changed, higher temperatures of cell and purging gas facilitate liquid water discharging out from the cell regions. In cell water flooding situation, when having large liquid content, the purging gas has little effects on the water expelling process.     

Approbation of an innovative method of pretreatment of dark fermentation feedstocks

According to the International Energy Agency, only a small part of the full potential of biomass energy is currently used in the world. The annual amount of agricultural waste in the Russian Federation is estimated at about 152 million tons, and the energy potential of animal waste is 201 PJ/year. Anaerobic digestion is an efficient method of converting organic waste into renewable energy sources. Previously, the positive effect of pretreatment of various organic feedstocks in vortex layer apparatus (VLA) on the characteristics of anaerobic digestion and energy efficiency was shown. Currently, there is a significant interest in the world in obtaining biohydrogen from organic waste using the dark fermentation (DF) process. During pretreatment in the VLA, the iron working bodies are abraded and iron particles are introduced into the feedstock of the DF reactor. This may have a positive effect on the production rate and yield of hydrogen, which has not been previously studied. This work is aimed at evaluating the possibility of using the VLA as a method for pretreatment of a dark fermentation feedstock for the intensification of biohydrogen production. To achieve this goal, an experimental setup was constructed. It consisted of a 45 L DF reactor, a VLA and a process control system to collect data on the DF process parameters every 5 min. At a hydraulic retention time in the DF reactor of 24 h and in the VLA of 30 s, the hydrogen content in the biogas increased from 51.1% to 52.2%. At the same time, the pH increased from 3.85 to 4.8–4.9, and the hydrogen production rate increased by 16% to 1.941 L/(L day). The hydrogen yield was 80.9 ml/g VS. Thus, pretreatment of the feedstock in VLA can be an effective way to intensify the DF process; however, further study of the VLA operating modes is required in order to optimize the concentrations of iron particles introduced into the feedstock for the most efficient continuous production of dark fermentative biohydrogen.     

缺水传感器改进设计

针对一种煤矿用本安型缺水传感器在现场安装及维护难度大,以及抽采泵供水状态下管道内有水但传感器检测显示为无水,或抽采泵停止工作时传感器检测显示有水问题,分析原产品中磁体及探头感应装置结构。改进其结构形式,并优化安装,使检测稳定可靠。实现抽采泵管道用缺水传感器的可靠性设计和轻量化设计。     

Shared human–robot path following control of an unmanned ground vehicle

This paper considers the shared path following control of an unmanned ground vehicle by a single person. A passive measure of human intent is used to blend the human and machine inputs in a mixed initiative approach. The blending law is combined with saturated super-twisting sliding mode speed and heading controllers, so that exogenous disturbances can be counteracted via equivalent control. It is proven that when the proposed blending law is used, the combined control signals from both the human and automatic controller respect the actuator magnitude constraints of the machine. To demonstrate the approach, shared control experiments are performed using an unmanned ground vehicle, which follows a lawn mower pattern shaped path.     

某会议室夏季工况不同送风方式下的气流组织数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟软件对××大学科技馆某小型会议室进行数值模拟,以实际测量的数据为边界条件,建立合适的数学和物理模型,得到温度场、速度场以及空气品质场等模拟结果,通过对模拟结果的对比分析,得到了最佳的气流组织设计方案,相关结论可以为室内气流组织方案设计与优化提供参考依据。